Algebraic transformation of the exponential correlation into an expression based on the decadic logarithm yields the law of Beer–Lambert:

where [d] = 1cm, [c] = 1mol^dm -3 , and [e] = 1dm^3mol -1 cm1 e is the molar absorption coefficient.

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#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Immunization is the process of eliciting a state of protective immunity against a disease-causing pathogen

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#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Passive immunization, in which preformed antibodies are transferred to a recipient.

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#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Naturally occurs when maternal IgG crosses the placenta to the developing fetus.

Maternal antibodies present in breast milk can also provide passive immunity to the infant in the form of maternally produced IgA.

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#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Use of Passive vaccine, 

a. Immune deficiency

b, Toxin or venom exposure with immediate threat to life

c, Exposure to pathogens that can cause death faster

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#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Passive vaccine- Measles, Rabies, Snake bite, Hepatitis A and B, Cytomegalovirus, Diphtheria

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#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Active Immunization