Induction-Reversion Responses or, Low Fluence (LF) Responses

Examples include:

Light-sensitive seed germination;

Many seeds require light for germination (like lettuce), whereas others are inhibited by light (wild oats, Phacelia, Royal Paulownia). Phytochrome presumably stimulates GA synthesis/release which in turn, stimulates the mobilization of stored reserves

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4535

#Unit 12. Applied Biology

Conventional vaccines consist of whole pathogenic organisms, which may either be killed or live.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4536

#Unit 12. Applied Biology

In live vaccines, the virulence of pathogens is greatly reduced(attenuation).

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4537

#Unit 12. Applied Biology

Recombinant vaccines

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4538

#Unit 12. Applied Biology

Subunit vaccines contain only specific protein from a pathogenic organism. For a virus, this protein is often the coat protein.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4539

#Unit 12. Applied Biology

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4540

#Unit 12. Applied Biology

For subunit vaccine, a eukaryotic cloning host is always used because the recombinant proteins produced by bacteria are nonglycosylated, and glycosylation is necessary for the proteins to be immunologically active.