Longer mismatches (2 to 6 bp) recognized by heterodimer of MSH2 and MSH3.  Homologs of MutL, predominantly a heterodimer of MLH1 (MutL homolog) and PMS1 (post-meiotic segregation), bind to and stabilize the MSH complexes

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#Id: 10136

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Auxin-induced proton extrusion acidifies the cell wall and increases cell extension

Auxin increase the rate of proton extrusion (wall acidification), and the kinetics of proton extrusion should closely match those of auxin-induced growth.

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#Id: 10085

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

I-domains also recognize CAMs on other cells, 

ICAMs, VCAMs and participate in cell-cell adhesion.

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#Id: 175

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

In instructive interaction, 

a signal from the inducing cell is necessary for initiating new gene expression in the responding cell.

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#Id: 10265

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7134

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Brassinosteroids are synthesized from the plant sterol campesterol, which is similar in structure to cholesterol. Members of the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (CYP) enzyme family that are associated with the ER catalyze most of the reactions in the brassinosteroid biosynthesis pathway.

Mevalonic acid serves as a precursor of the triterpenoid pathway and is condensed and transformed to 2,3-oxidosqualene which further undergoes modification to form major plant sterols like sitosterols and campesterols.