Alkylating agents are chemicals that donate alkyl groups to other molecules as nitrogen mustard, and methyl and ethyl methane sulfonate (MMS and EMS).

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 613

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

trp operon can run even in the presence of repressor. The attenuation system permits another 10-fold control over the operon’s activity. 

Thus, the combination of repression and attenuation controls the operon over a 700-fold range, from fully inactive to fully active: (70-fold [repression] X 10-fold [attenuation] = 700-fold). 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 614

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Attenuation is primarily based on riboswitch (Leader sequence) that function in co-translationally in trp operon

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 615

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Attenuator riboswitch (Leader sequence) is made up of almost 140 nt which further can be divided into four Intra -complementary regions 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 616

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Attenuator riboswitch (Leader sequence) contains two major check-points in region 1

1. UGG codons on position 10, 11

2. A stop codon UGA between Region 1 and 2

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 617

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Attenuator riboswitch (Leader sequence) region 1 is translated atleast till codon 10 and 11 in case of Low trp concentration.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 618

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Attenuator riboswitch (Leader sequence) region 1 is translated  till UGA (R1-2) in case of high trp concentration