Clockwise rotation gives dihedral angles from 0º to 180º.

180º is the same as counter-clockwise rotation to -180º.

#Id: 2505

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

IEF method is particularly useful for separating isoenzymes, which are different forms of the same enzyme, often differing by only one or two amino-acid residues.

#Id: 2506

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

In the Isoelectric Focusing due to the pH gradient (e.g. pH 3–10) positive charged protein are separated near pH 10 while negatively amino acid are separated near pH 3.

#Id: 2507

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

Two-Dimensional Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis  technique combines the technique of IEF (first dimension), which separates proteins in a mixture according to charge (pI), with the size separation technique of SDS–PAGE (second dimension).

#Id: 2508

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

Cellulose Acetate Electrophoresis have clinical role for example enzyme and antibodies are easily detected by using Cellulose Acetate Electrophoresis with zymogen technique.

#Id: 2509

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

The most commonly used general protein stain for detecting protein on gels is the sulfated trimethylamine dye Coomassie Brilliant Blue R-250 (CBB).

#Id: 2510

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

Silver staining gives higher sensitivity comparison to Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CBB).