Two sugars that differ in configuration at only one chiral center are described as epimers.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 5325

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Isovolumetric Ventricular Relaxation

Because all valves are closed again, ventricular volume is constant.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 5326

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 5327

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Isovolumetric Ventricular Relaxation

begins after the ventricles are fully repolarized, marked by the end of the T wave on the ECG.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 5328

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Rapid Ventricular Filling

ventricular pressure falls to its lowest level (below atrial pressure), the AV valve opens.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 5329

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Rapid Ventricular Filling

Ventricular pressure remains low, because the ventricle is still relaxed and compliant.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 5330

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Rapid Ventricular Filling

The rapid flow of blood from the atria to the ventricles produces the third heart sound (S3).