Gene duplication happens on a massive scale when whole genome duplication occur. whole genome duplication are two type, 

1.Autopolyploid

2.Allopolyploid

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7881

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

MICOS mediates close juxtaposition of the outer membrane and inner membrane by binding to outer membrane–associated proteins

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7882

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

The binding partners for MICOS in the outer membrane are Tom and SAM protein complexes, (involved in import of proteins into the mitochondria). 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7883

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

MICOS function as a diffusion barrier to prevent mixing of the distinct proteins and lipids in the boundary membrane and crista membranes.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7884

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

The most abundant protein in the outer mitochondrial membrane is a mitochondrial β-barrel porin called VDAC (voltage-dependent anion channel).

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7885

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

VDAC 

A multifunctional transmembrane channel protein (similar in structure to bacterial porins) allow passing of  ions and most small hydrophilic molecules (up to about 5000 Da).

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7886

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Mitochondria are associated with the cytoskeleton, which determines their distribution in different cell types.