Molecular Variation (Rate) - Which is the number of substitutions taking place per nucleotide site per year

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1151

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Glomerular filtration barrier is selective in determining which molecules will filter, based on their,

1. Size 

2. Electrical charge

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1152

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Endothelium & epithelial cells, effectively prevents filtration of plasma proteins, because of strong negative electrical charges (associated with the proteoglycans).

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1153

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Negatively charged large molecules are filtered less easily than positively charged molecules of equal molecular size.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1164

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Minimal Change Nephropathy 

negative charges on the basement membrane are lost

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1165

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Factors governing filtration across the glomerular capillaries:

1. Size of the capillary bed

2. Permeability of the capillaries

3. Hydrostatic and osmotic pressure gradients across the capillary wall

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1166

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

The GFR is determined by 

1. Net filtration pressure

2. Glomerular ultrafiltration coefficient