Kinase domains in TGF-β receptors phosphorylate and trigger the activation of a conserved class of transcription factors - Smads

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3673

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Prokaryotic mRNAs Have a Ribosome-Binding Site That Recruits the translational Machinery For translation to occur, the ribosome must be recruited to the mRNA.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3674

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Many prokaryotic ORFs contain a short sequence upstream (on the 5’side) of the start codon called the ribosome binding site (RBS). This element is also referred to as a Shine –Dalgarno sequence.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3675

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

The RBS, typically located 3–9 bp on the 5’side of the start codon, is complementary to a sequence located near the 3’end of one of the ribosomal RNA components, the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA).

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3676

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

The 16S rRNA interacts with the RBS to position the AUG in the P-site.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3677

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Some prokaryotic ORFs lack a strong RBS but are nonetheless actively translated Using the phenomenon of translational coupling.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3678

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

The initiation of prokaryotic translation commences with the small subunit and is catalyzed by three translation initiation factors called IF1, IF2, and IF3.