Alternaria alternata f. sp. lycopersici produces the AAL toxin,

which activates a plant cell death program in tomato (Solanum

lycopersicum) leaves.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9832

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Phytochrome interacting factors (PIFs) are a family of proteins that act primarily as negative regulators of photomorphogenic responses.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9833

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

PIFs promote etiolated development in the dark (skotomorphogenesis) primarily by serving as transcriptional activators of dark induced genes

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9834

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Red light-induced Pfr formation initiates the degradation of PIF proteins through phosphorylation, followed by degradation via the proteasome complex

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9835

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9836

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENESIS1 (COP1), another negative regulator of photomorphogenesis, is a component of the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex that targets photomorphogenesis-promoting proteins for degradation such as phyA, phyB.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9837

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

COP1 is found in the nucleus in the dark and in the cytoplasm in the light. COP1 movement into the nucleus in the dark requires the COP9 signalosome (CSN) complex