Van Valen law -  he found a surprising result: rather straight curves, implying that the probability of extinction is roughly constant.

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#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

A random variable has a probability distribution, which defines the probability of its unknown values. Random variables can be discrete (not constant) or continuous or both.

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#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

Probability Distribution Formulas

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#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

There are two types of probability distribution which are used for different purposes and various types of the data generation process.

a. Normal or Cumulative Probability Distribution

b. Binomial or Discrete Probability Distribution

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#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

The cumulative probability distribution is also known as a continuous probability distribution. In this distribution, the set of possible outcomes can take on values in a continuous range.

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#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

Cumulative Probability Distribution

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#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

A distribution is called a discrete probability distribution, where the set of outcomes are discrete in nature.

For example, if a dice is rolled, then all the possible outcomes are discrete and give a mass of outcomes. It is also known as the probability mass function.