Virulence is due to its potent exotoxin, which destroys the underlying tissue and results in heart, liver, and kidney damage, as well as to suffocation following formation of a tough fibrous membrane in the respiratory tract

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9847

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

cry1 and cry2 are generally found in the nucleus, cry3 is localized to chloroplasts and mitochondria

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9848

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Blue light stimulates the accumulation of anthocyanin (A) and the inhibition of stem elongation by cryptochrome

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9849

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9850

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

In the light, cry1 is activated directly by blue light and indirectly by blue lightinduced phosphorylation. Activated cry1 forms a complex with COP1 and SPA1 via the C-terminal domain, preventing them from degrading protein targets such as HY5

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9851

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Both phytochromes and cryptochromes entrain the circadian clock in Arabidopsis.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9852

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Blue light depolarizes membrane of hypocotyl cells and inhibits of growth rate.

This membrane depolarization is caused by the activation of anion channels, which facilitates the efflux of anions such as chloride.