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#Question id: 40377

#Botany

Given below are two statements:

Assertion (A): The classification system proposed by Bentham and Hooker is considered a Natural System of classification.

Reason (R): It groups plants based on a wide range of morphological characters and natural affinities, rather than just one or two arbitrary traits (like sexual organs).

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#Question id: 40378

#Botany

Match the Common Name in List-I with the Botanical Name in List-II

LIST-I (Common Name)	LIST-II (Botanical Name)
A. Clove	I. Crocus sativus
B. Saffron	II. Syzygium aromaticum
C. Black Pepper	III. Ferula assa-foetida
D. Hing (Asafoetida)	IV. Piper nigrum

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#Question id: 40379

#Botany

Given below are two statements:

Assertion (A): Linkage and Independent Assortment are opposing phenomena.

Reason (R): Independent Assortment occurs when genes are located on different chromosomes (or far apart on the same one), whereas Linkage occurs when genes are located very close together on the same chromosome.

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#Question id: 40380

#Botany

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic feature of Gymnosperms?

A. Presence of naked seeds (ovules not enclosed by ovary wall).

B. Presence of vessels in the Xylem (with exceptions like Gnetum).

C. Dominant sporophytic phase in the life cycle.

D. Haplontic life cycle with a dominant gametophyte.

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#Question id: 40381

#Botany

Match the Term in List-I with its Definition in List-II

LIST-I (Term)	LIST-II (Definition)
A. Totipotency	I. Mass of undifferentiated cells
B. Somatic Hybridization	II. Capacity of a cell to generate a whole plant
C. Explant	III. Fusion of protoplasts from two different plants
D. Callus	IV. Plant part used to initiate tissue culture

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#Question id: 40407

#Applied Microbiology

Which landmark Supreme Court case established the patentability of genetically modified micro-organisms in the United States?