In an ______________ plasmid, replication occurs in two stages. In the first stage, the double stranded circular plasmid DNA replicates to form another double-stranded circular DNA and a single-stranded circular DNA, In the second stage, the complementary strand is synthesized on the single-stranded DNA to make another double-stranded DNA.

#Question id: 40458

#Applied Microbiology

Consider the following statements regarding the principles of electrophoresis:

Statement I: Electrophoresis separates molecules primarily based on their charge-to-mass ratio.

Statement II: Neutral molecules with zero net charge remain stationary or move randomly in an electric field.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

#Question id: 40459

#Applied Microbiology

Assertion (A): Standard Gel Electrophoresis is rarely used for the separation of simple lipids.

Reason (R): Lipids are biomolecules that are primarily hydrophobic and lack the net charge required for migration in an aqueous electric field.

Choose the correct option:

#Question id: 40460

#Applied Microbiology

Match the biomolecule in Column I with the standard separation/visualization medium used in Column II.

#Question id: 40461

#Applied Microbiology

In the E. coli chemotaxis pathway, which of the following events directly leads to "tumbling" behavior?

#Question id: 40462

#Applied Microbiology

Consider the following statements regarding the Adaptation phase of chemotaxis:

Statement I: Adaptation allows bacteria to reset their sensitivity to attractant concentrations, enabling them to detect changes over a wide range.

Statement II: The protein CheB acts as a methylesterase that removes methyl groups from the MCP receptors, while CheR acts as a methyltransferase.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

#Question id: 40463

#Applied Microbiology