Which of the following is NOT one of the three stages of transcription?

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#Question id: 40434

#Botany

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A): The net gain of ATP in aerobic respiration is significantly higher than in fermentation.

Reason (R): In fermentation, glucose is only partially oxidized, and the NADH produced in glycolysis is not utilized to generate ATP via the Electron Transport Chain.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

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#Question id: 40435

#Botany

Match the Metabolic Process in LIST-I with its specific location in LIST-II.

LIST-I (Process)	LIST-II (Location in Cell)
A. Glycolysis	I. Inner Mitochondrial Membrane
B. Krebs Cycle	II. Cytoplasm
C. Electron Transport Chain	III. Chloroplast Stroma
D. Calvin Cycle	IV. Mitochondrial Matrix

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

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#Question id: 40436

#Botany

Which of the following molecules acts as the specific electron donor to Nitrate Reductase during Nitrogen metabolism?

A.FADH₂

B. ATP

C. NAD(P)H

D. Ferredoxin

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

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#Question id: 40437

#Botany

Match the Respiratory Substrates in LIST-I with their corresponding Respiratory Quotient (R.Q.) in LIST-II.

LIST-I (Substrate)	LIST-II (R.Q. Value)
A. Carbohydrates (Glucose)	I. 0.7
B. Fats (Tripalmitin)	II. > 1 (e.g., 1.33)
C. Proteins	III. 1.0
D. Organic Acids (Malic Acid)	IV. 0.9

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#Question id: 40438

#Botany

Read the following statements regarding the Chemiosmotic Hypothesis of ATP synthesis in chloroplasts.

Statement I: The splitting of the water molecule takes place on the inner side of the membrane, releasing protons (H⁺) into the lumen of the thylakoid. 

Statement II: The enzyme NADP reductase is located on the stroma side of the membrane, and its activity removes protons from the stroma.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

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#Question id: 40439

#Botany

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A): Photorespiration is considered a wasteful process in C3 plants. 

Reason (R): In photorespiration, RuBisCO binds with oxygen instead of carbon dioxide, leading to the release of CO₂ with the utilization of ATP and no synthesis of sugars.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below: