The number of neutrons is equal to the difference between the mass number of the atom (M) and the atomic number (Z).

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8035

#Section 2: General Biology

Negatively charged amino acids have four ionisations zones

1. 1--------pK1 – charge +1

2. pK1---------pKr charge 0

3. pKr---------pK2 charge -1

4. pK2---------14 charge -2

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8034

#Section 2: General Biology

Nonpolar amino acids have three ionisations zones

1. 1--------pK1 – charge +1

2. pK1---------pK2 charge 0

3. pK2---------14 charge -1

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8033

#Section 2: General Biology

Glycine & Proline are relatively polar considering negative hydropathy index (-0.4 & -1.6) comparing to other nonpolar amino acids.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8032

#Section 2: General Biology

Ornithine and citrulline, which are not found in proteins, are intermediates in the biosynthesis of arginine and in the urea cycle.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8031

#Section 2: General Biology

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8030

#Section 2: General Biology

Desmosine is formed from four Lys residues