Zeff=Z –S

Chlorine would have a Z value of 17 (the atomic number of Chlorine). Continuing to use Chlorine as an example, the 10 inner electrons (S) would screen out the positive charge of ten protons. Therefore there would be and effective nuclear charge of 17-10 or +7.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10358

#Section 2: General Biology

T-dependent response

Recognition of protein antigens and requires the participation of CD4 helper T cells

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8084

#Section 2: General Biology

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8131

#Section 2: General Biology

In most mammalian tissues, ubiquinone (also called coenzyme Q) has 10 isoprene units.

Dolichols of animals have 17 to 21 isoprene units (85 to 105 carbon atoms), bacterial dolichols have 11, and those of plants and fungi have 14 to 24.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8989

#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

Allele frequency when genotype frequency is given

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7756

#Section 2: General Biology

Fluorine (the most electronegative element) is assigned a value of 4.0, and values range down to cesium and francium which are the least electronegative at 0.7