A system to unambiguously describe the configurations of molecules with more than one asymmetric center was devised in 1956 by Robert Cahn, Christopher Ingold, and Vladimir Prelog. In the Cahn–Ingold– Prelog or RS system

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Bacterial Nod genes are activated to initiate nodulation in plants by plant signals flavonoids

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NodD proteins interact directly with the signals generated by the plants and activates most conserved Nod ABC genes in bacteria

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NodA is an N-acyltransferase that catalyzes the addition of a fatty acyl chain.

NodB is a chitin-oligosaccharide deacetylase that removes the acetyl group from the terminal nonreducing sugar.

NodC is a chitin-oligosaccharide synthase that links N-acetyl-D-glucosamine monomers.