In competitive species N1 and N2, four individuals of N2 use the same resource as one individuals of N1. According conversion factor, what is the value of per capita competitive effect of N2 on N1(α) and per capita effect of N1 on N2 ( β) respectively?

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#Question id: 11262

#Section 4: Behavioural Ecology

When a social organization consists of cooperative individuals, selection will always favor individuals that increase their personal reproductive success by __________.

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#Question id: 12456

#Section 1: Ecology

Choose the factor that is unlikely to limit population growth.

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#Question id: 11652

#Section 1: Ecology

The sequence of changes initiated by disturbance is called succession, and the ultimate association of species achieved is called

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#Question id: 10817

#Section 2: Evolution

Removal of a __________________ from a community affects community structure significantly.

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#Question id: 10692

#Section 2: Evolution