All genetic drift arises from sampling error.  There are several different ways in which sampling error can arise as a following

a. Reduced population size      b. Founder effect

c. Genetic bottleneck                d. Differ in sex ratio

Which of the following above way cause sampling error in succeed generation?

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#Question id: 12756

#Section 5: Applied Ecology & Evolution

Flycatcher birds that migrate from Africa to Europe feed their nestlings mostly with moth caterpillars. The data presented show the mean dates of egg laying, hatching, and fledging of flycatcher young, and the 1980 and 2000 peak mass of caterpillars.

The most likely cause for the shift in caterpillar peak mass is

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#Question id: 10838

#Section 2: Evolution

Fighting over shared resources is called

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#Question id: 10873

#Section 1: Ecology

Allelopathy is a form of ________ competition.

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#Question id: 11053

#Section 2: Evolution

The key difference between a territory and a home range is

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#Question id: 12361

#Section 1: Ecology

In the lincoln index of relative population size, N = NM/r. What does m represent?