Bombardier beetles release an explosive mixture of quinones and hydrogen peroxide from glands at the end of their abdomen when disturbed by grasshopper mice and other predators. This is an example of what kind of defense against predation?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 12347

#Section 1: Ecology

A team of conservation biologists, surveying a population of frogs on an island, captured and marked 312 individuals in the first sample. In a second sampling, 3 days later, the team caught 140 individuals of which 26 were previously marked. The total number of frogs on the island is estimated to be . (Use decimal notation, not fractions or percentage)

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 12346

#Section 1: Ecology

The schematic below shows the relationship between survivorship with age (relative to maximum lifespan) in Species 1 (dashed line) and Species 2 (solid line). Which of the following inferences is compatible with this figure?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 12344

#Section 1: Ecology

The concept of punctuated equilibrium refers to

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 12343

#Section 1: Ecology

Hybrids between some related species of plants are sterile because the parent plants had different chromosome numbers. Occasionally the chromosome number of such a hybrid  plant doubles spontaneously. Which of the following best describes the descendants of those plants with the double chromosome number?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 12342

#Section 1: Ecology

Which of the following is a biological attribute that would most likely allow a species to become cosmopolitan in distribution?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 12340

#Section 1: Ecology

Keystone species are thought to have profound effects on the structure and composition of ecological communities because they