When gametophytes are retained within original spore case “Endosporic”

eg:  Selaginella, Isoetes, Marsilea

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#Id: 9054

#XL - T Zoology

The activated β2-adrenergic receptor induces GDP-->GTP exchange on a stimulatory G protein (Gs).

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#Id: 9475

#XL - T Zoology

SHP1 causes removal of the phosphate from tyrosine in the activation loop of JAK2 & inactivates the JAK kinase.

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#Id: 9172

#XL - T Zoology

Migration

Change in the allelic frequencies is the influx of genes from other populations, commonly called migration or gene flow

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#Id: 8645

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Rb protein regulation by G1 CDKs in mammalian cells is analogous to Whi5 regulation by Cln3-CDK in yeast.

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#Id: 9916

#XL - T Zoology

Viral Infections

Virus enters a cell via a cell-surface receptor for which it has affinity and preempts cell biosynthetic machinery to replicate all components of itself, including its genome.

This genome replication step is often error prone, generating numerous mutations.