HER2 can signal only by forming heterodimers with ligand-bound HER1, HER3, or HER4

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9280

#XL - S Microbiology

The interaction between NFR and SYMRK initiates calcium spiking in the nucleus, presumably via a second messenger molecule.

Core symbiotic genes are activated.

Cytokinin signaling is initiated.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9281

#XL - S Microbiology

Root hair cellular responses to bacterial Nod factor

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9282

#XL - S Microbiology

Plant genes expressed early, or in the absence of bacterial infection, are termed “early nodulins” or ENOD

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9283

#XL - S Microbiology

Three factors are important in maintaining low O2 concentrations in nodules. 

First, entry of O2 into the nodule is controlled by a variable‐permeability barrier in the nodule parenchyma

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9284

#XL - S Microbiology

O2‐binding plant protein Lb plays an active role in regulating and delivering O2 in the infected cells

Bacterial respiration is the major O2 sink

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9285

#XL - S Microbiology

O2‐sensitive hemoprotein kinase FixL controls a regulatory cascade that activates transcription of nitrogen fixation genes