Evolution might favor traits that benefit the population or species, When one individual’s behavior benefits another, the behavior is cooperative.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10351

#XL - Q Biochemistry

B-cell survival in the follicle is dependent on access to the TNF-family member cytokine B-cell activation factor (BAFF), otherwise known as B lymphocyte survival factor (BLyS), which is secreted by the FDCs.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9199

#XL - T Zoology

Directional Natural selection

Directional selection favors individuals at one extreme of a phenotypic distribution that have greater reproductive success in a particular environment.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8216

#XL - Q Biochemistry

In nonselective autophagy, a bulk portion of cytoplasm is sequestered in autophagosomes

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10337

#XL - Q Biochemistry

Surface protein on B cell

CR2(CR21)

CD19

TAPA-1(CD81)

mIg 

Igα/ Igβ

(CD79a and CD79B)

TLR

CD40

B7(CD80/86)

ICAM-1

MHC-1 and 2 both

CD 22

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9283

#XL - S Microbiology

Three factors are important in maintaining low O2 concentrations in nodules. 

First, entry of O2 into the nodule is controlled by a variable‐permeability barrier in the nodule parenchyma