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#Id: 4694


An individual carrying the allele can pass copies of it to his or her own children. This is the allele’s direct fitness. The allele can also pass extra copies of itself to the next generation as the result of the increased fitness of relatives that benefit from the altruistic individual’s actions. This is the allele’s indirect fitness. 

#XL - T Zoology #Altruism and Evolution-Group Selection #Part B Pointers
More Pointers
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#Id: 10795

#XL - R Botany

Clove
Family: myrtaceae
Botanical Name:syzygium aromaticum
Clove trees are tropical evergreen tree and its small reddish brown flower buds used as a spice.
Used to treat:- Pain during dental work
improved digestion
reduced cancer risk
relieving stress

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#Id: 10796

#XL - R Botany

Ashwagandha indian winter cherry
Family:solanaceae
Botanical Name: withania somnifera
Ashwagandha is used to boost energy and reduce stress.
Used to treat:- Calm the brain
reduce swelling
lower blood pressure
alter the immune system

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#Id: 10797

#XL - R Botany

Secondary metabolites arere divided into Three major groups
Terpenes, 
Phenolics, and
Nitrogen-containing compounds
Terpenes
Basic structural elements of terpenes are sometimes called isoprene units
Ten-carbon terpenes, which contain two C5 units, are called monoterpenes; 15-carbon terpenes (three C5 units) are sesquiterpenes; and 20-carbon terpenes (four C5 units) are diterpenes. Larger terpenes include triterpenes (30 carbons), tetraterpenes (40 carbons), and polyterpenoids ([C5]n carbons, where n > 8).

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#Id: 10798

#XL - R Botany

Monoterpenes ester are called pyrethroids

occur in leaves and flower of chrysanthemum species show very striking insecticidal activity

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#Id: 10799

#XL - R Botany

Many plants contain mixtures of volatile monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, called essential oils examples- Peppermint, lemon, basil, and sage 

Chief monoterpene constituent of peppermint oil is menthol; that of lemon oil is limonene

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#Id: 10800

#XL - R Botany

Essential oils have well-known insect repellent properties.

Essential oils can be extracted from plants by steam distillation and are important commercially in flavoring foods and making perfumes