formin family members have two adjacent domains:

FH1- rich in proline, landing site for profilin–ATP–G-actin

FH2 - form a dimer and nucleate filament assembly

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9496

#XL - R Botany

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9497

#XL - R Botany

HC toxin produced by the fungal pathogen Cochliobolus carbonum of maize (Zea mays) inhibits histone deacetylase activity.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9498

#XL - R Botany

HC toxin is a cyclic peptide. It is synthesized continuously

by two specific tetrapartite cyclic peptide synthetases

(HTS1 and HTS2) and then exported outside the fungal cell. 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9499

#XL - R Botany

In maize (Zea mays) leaves, the HC toxin inhibits histone deacetylases to effect changes in host gene expression, presumably those genes involved in defense against C. carbonum.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9500

#XL - R Botany

Maize genotypes that carry the Hm1 gene, which encodes an enzyme that can metabolize and thereby detoxify HC toxin are resistant to C. carbonum.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9501

#XL - R Botany

Alternaria alternata f. sp. lycopersici produces the AAL toxin,

which activates a plant cell death program in tomato (Solanum

lycopersicum) leaves.