The protein kinases DNA-PK, ATM, and ATR are activated at sites of damaged DNA

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7934

#XL - Q Biochemistry

The two key components in protein targeting in ER:

Signal recognition particle (SRP)

SRP receptor

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7933

#XL - Q Biochemistry

Signal sequences

contain one or more positively charged amino acids adjacent to a continuous stretch of 6–12 hydrophobic residues (known as the hydrophobic core)

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7932

#XL - Q Biochemistry

Signal sequence

ER targeting sequence, located at the N-terminus of the protein

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7931

#XL - Q Biochemistry

Microsomes

when cells are homogenized, the rough ER breaks up into small closed vesicles with ribosomes on the outside

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7930

#XL - Q Biochemistry

Secretory pathway

pathway of protein trafficking that flows through the ER

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7929

#XL - Q Biochemistry

The ER captures selected proteins from the cytosol as they are being synthesized. These are of two types:

Transmembrane proteins

Water-soluble proteins