Fitness- Average number of offspring produced by a genotype and divide it by the mean number of offspring produced by the most prolific genotype

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A type of placenta structure in an ovary, in which the ovules cluster freely around a columnlike central placenta which is attached at the base of the ovary.

examples are dianthus and primrose

Marginal placentation

Marginal placentation is a feature of the Fabaceae/Leguminosae family.

Examples of marginal placentation are plants of the legume family (pod plants), like pea and beans.

               

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Style

In the family umbelliferae (apiaceae) the base of the style is swollen and forms a structure called stylopodium

Kind of style 

Terminal style

If the style arises from terminal part of the Ovary, it is called terminal style. e.g., datura, hibiscus and solanum

Lateral style  

If the style arises from one side of the ovary It is called Lateral style. e.g., Mango

Gynobasic style 

If the style arises from the base of the ovary, it is called the gynobasic style.e.g., ocimum, salvia

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Economically important plants

Cereals

Wheat-King of cereal crop

Family: poaceae (gramineae)

Botanical name:triticum aestivum

Cereals

Rice-“Dhan“

Family: poaceae (Gramineae)

Botanical Name: Oryza sativa

Uses

It is used in making alcoholic beverages.

Rice bran served as cattle food.

Paddy straw is used for making hats, ropes and baskets etc.

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Indian rubber tree (ficus elastica) 

Family: poaceae (gramineae)

Plant part used- milky latex

Cassava or ceara rubber tree (manihot glaziovii)

Family: Euphorbiaceae (spurge family)

Plant part used-  Latex

Also known as Manihot carthaginensis

Panama rubber tree (castilla elastica) 

Family: moraceae

Plant part used- latex

Para rubber tree (hevea brasiliensis)

Family:Euphorbiaceae (spurge family)

Plant part used- Milkylatex

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JUTE

Jute-"Corchorus species“

Family:malvaceae

Botanical Name: corchorus olitorius

Plant part used as fiber-stem

Uses

Jute fibre is renewable natural fibre.

It is eco-friendly as its components (cellulose and lignin) is 100% bio-degradable.

Jute fibers are used for making various fabrics for bagging, packaging and wrapping textiles

Fibers are also used for making rope, twine and matting, and decorative fabrics, woven carpets, curtain, linoleum and oil cloth.

It is also utilized as geotextile fabric.

Used as a remedy for dysentry.

It is also mixed with silk or used for imitating silk fabrics

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Tea

Botanical name- camellia sinensis

Family-Theaceae

Uses of tea

It contains vitamin B complex, nicotinic acid etc.

It is helpful in asthma due to the presence of Theophylline.

It is used as astringent and stimulant, diuretic, nervine, etc.

It has antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant property

Coffee

Botanical name-coffea arabica

Family-rubiaceae

Uses of coffee

It is a stimulating beverage with pleasant aroma.

It is blended with dried roasted root powder of chicory to flavor ice- creams, candies, cookies and pastries etc.

It is used as CNS stimulant.

The coffee pulp is used as cattle feed.

The wood of coffee tree is used to make boxes