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TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9391


Supernormal’ stimuli - A stimulus that produces a more vigorous response than the normal stimulus eliciting that particular response.

#XL - T Zoology #Behavior #Part B Pointers
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TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9311

#XL - T Zoology

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9312

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Depolarized state of a resting rod cell is due to the presence of a large number of open nonselective ion channels that admit both Na+ & Ca2+ into the cell

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9313

#XL - T Zoology

Nonselective cation channels open in response to binding of the second messenger cGMP (cGMP-gated channels)

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9314

#XL - T Zoology

3 or 4 cGMP molecules must bind to each channel in order to open it; because of this cooperative allosteric interaction, channel opening is very sensitive to small changes in cGMP levels.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9315

#XL - T Zoology

In resting rod cells high cGMP concentration generated from GTP catalyzed by guanylyl cyclase.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9316

#XL - T Zoology

Light absorption by rhodopsin→activation of a cGMP PDE → hydrolyzes cGMP to 5′-GMP→ cGMP levels  drop →channel close →membrane hyperpolarization→reduction in NT release→transmitted to brain

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