TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 34636


Which of the following are examples of protocooperation?

#XL - S Microbiology
  1. Cellulose degradation by a bacterial consortium where neither member is obligately dependent.
  2. Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter converting ammonia to nitrate in soil.
  3. Lichen formation between algae and fungi.
  4. Cross-feeding in microbial consortia where both organisms benefit but can survive independently.