#Question id: 1259
#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling
Following statements are regarding to the phosphoinositide pathway.
A. many activated RTKs and cytokine receptors initiate phosphoinositide pathway by recruiting the enzyme phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI-3 kinase) to the membrane.
B. PI-3 kinase adds a phosphate to the 3′ carbon in one of two separate phosphatidylinositol substrates, leading to formation of two phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphates: PI(3,4)P2 or I(3,4,5)P3
C. PI-3 kinase pathway can trigger cell division and prevent apoptosis, thus ensuring cell survival by the activation of PKB.
D. Activated PKB phosphorylates FOXO3a, which induces the expression of several antiapoptotic genes.
Which of the following combination is correct?
#Question id: 3405
#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior
Phylogenies can be used to test whether speciation has been sympatric or allopatric. Following figure shown a new species arises by allopatric speciation, its nearest relative will usually live in a different geographic area, such as in a nearby lake. Which of the following phylogenetic tree is correct?
#Question id: 4684
#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes
The depicted region contains two genes (cI and cro) and three promoters (PR, PL, and PRM), these promoters are direct the transcription such as;
a) PR and PL are is a weak promoter and only directs efficient transcription when an activator is bound just upstream
b) PR and PL are strong, constitutive promoters, they bind RNA polymerase efficiently and direct transcription without help from an activator
c) PRM, is a weak promoter and only directs efficient transcription when an activator is bound just upstream
d) PRM are strong, constitutive promoters, they bind RNA polymerase efficiently and direct transcription without help from an activator
Which of the following from the above combination is correct ?
#Question id: 429
#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology
An organism that uses organic molecules as carbon sources and obtains energy by oxidizing inorganic molecules is a(an) ________.
#Question id: 10277
#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant
Each of the nine glycolytic intermediates between glucose and pyruvate is phosphorylated. The phosphoryl groups seem to have many functions such as,
a) The plasma membrane generally lacks transporters for phosphorylated sugars, the phosphorylated glycolytic intermediates cannot leave the cell
b) After the initial phosphorylation, further energy is necessary to retain phosphorylated intermediates in the cell, despite the large difference in their intracellular and extracellular concentrations
c) Phosphoryl groups are essential components in the enzymatic conservation of metabolic energy, Energy released in the breakage of phosphoanhydride bonds is partially conserved in the formation of phosphate esters such as glucose 6-phosphate
d) Binding energy resulting from the binding of phosphate groups to the active sites of enzymes lowers the activation energy and increases the specificity of the enzymatic reactions
which of the following functions shows Importance of Phosphorylated Intermediates?