Following statements are regarding to the phosphoinositide pathway.

A. many activated RTKs and cytokine receptors initiate phosphoinositide pathway by recruiting the enzyme phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI-3 kinase) to the membrane.

B. PI-3 kinase adds a phosphate to the 3′ carbon in one of two separate phosphatidylinositol substrates, leading to formation of two phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphates: PI(3,4)P2 or I(3,4,5)P3

C. PI-3 kinase pathway can trigger cell division and prevent apoptosis, thus ensuring cell survival by the activation of PKB.

D. Activated PKB phosphorylates FOXO3a, which induces the expression of several antiapoptotic genes.

Which of the following combination is correct?

#Question id: 5206

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

A microarray known as a GeneChip, with most now known human protein coding sequences, has recently been developed to aid in the study of human cancer by first comparing twothree subsets of cancer subtypes. What kind of information might be gleaned from this GeneChip to aid in cancer prevention?

#Question id: 5204

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

Bioinformatics can be used to scan sequences for probable genes looking for start and stop sites for transcription and for translation, for probable splice sites, and for sequences known to be found in other known genes. Such sequences containing these elements are called

#Question id: 5203

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

The biggest problem with the shotgun technique is its tendency to underestimate the size of the genome. Which of the following might best account for this?

#Question id: 5199

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

For mapping studies of genomes, most of which were far along before 2000, the 3 -stage method was often used. Which is the usual order in which the stages were performed, assuming some overlap of the three?

#Question id: 5012

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

#Question id: 5014

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

 Following geological time period and major evolutionary event?

I. Devonian                            A. Gymnosperms dominant

II. Jurassic                               B. Amphibians diversify; first reptiles

III. Carboniferous                  C. Mammals appear

IV. Triassic                           D. Seed plants appear