The ability of a population of fibroblasts to migrate along the surface of a tissue culture dish depends on adhesion between the cell surface and the extracellular matrix molecules coating the dish. The dish is coated with laminin, and the only cell-surface protein capable of binding laminin is a cell-adhesion protein called an integrin. Integrins are integral plasma-membrane proteins that function as heterodimers. Under these conditions the rate at which a fibroblast can migrate along the laminin coated culture dish is proportional to the strength of adhesion between the cell and the laminin substrate. The table below lists the rate of cell migration observed for fibroblasts genetically engineered to generate the indicated phenotypes.

 Which of the following is the most likely explanation for failure of overexpression of the integrin alpha subunit to alter the rate of fibroblast migration?

#Question id: 4661

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

In bacteria two components regulatory systems contain a domain can have function such as controlling the direction in which the bacterium swims in response to a concentration gradient of nutrients is known as

#Question id: 4660

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Two-component system regulating response to low Gln,

a) Glutamine dissociates from the sensor domain in the NtrB protein, leading to activation of a histidine kinase transmitter domain in NtrB

b) glutamine binds to a sensor domain of NtrB, causing a conformational change in the protein that inhibits its histidine kinase activity, the regulatory domain of NtrC blocks its DNA-binding domain from binding the glnA enhancers.

c) Activated transmitter domain of NtrB that transfers the γ-phosphate of ATP to a histidine residue (H), this phosphohistidine then transfers the phosphate to an aspartic acid residue (D) in the NtrC protein

d) This causes a conformational change in NtrC that unmasks the NtrC DNA-binding domain so that it can bind to the glnA enhancers

Which of the following combination is correct?

#Question id: 4659

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Many bacterial responses are controlled by two component regulatory systems. What will happen at the high concentration of glutamine and at the low concentration of glutamine?

a) At high concentrations glutamine binds to a sensor domain of NtrB conformational change in the protein that inhibits its histidine kinase activity

b) NtrC phosphorylation takes place causes a conformational change in NtrC that unmasks the NtrC DNA-binding domain so that it can bind to the glnA enhancers

c) At the same time, the regulatory domain of NtrC blocks its DNA-binding domain from binding the glnA enhancers

d) At low concentrations of glutamine dissociates from the sensor domain in the NtrB protein, leading to activation of a histidine kinase transmitter domain

Which of the following given combination is correct?

#Question id: 4561

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Which factor recruits capping enzyme?

#Question id: 4560

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

TFIIH general is a general transcription factor phosphorylates the CTD multiple times on heptapeptide sequence such as

#Question id: 4559

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

The 5’Cap is added to the eukaryotic nascent RNAs shortly after