Practice Questions

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 16957

the immune system can be summarized as follows. Which is not correct for immune system?

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

A cell can become more or less susceptible to the actions of a ligand by increasing (up-regulating) or decreasing (down[1]regulating) the expression of the receptor for that li
Ligand binding to the receptor induces a molecular change in the receptor. This change may be in the form of a conformational alteration in the receptor, receptor dimerization or clustering, a change in the receptor’s location in the membrane, or a covalent modification.
a cell must not receive more than one signal through more than one receptor in order to effect a particular outcome.
Integration of all the signals received by a cell occurs at the molecular level inside the recipient cell.

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TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 19079

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Pathogen evades plant by penetration of surface layers directly using mechanical pressure or enzymatic attack, some pass through natural openings, such as stomata or lenticels, and others only enter through wounded tissue. Once inside the plant, one of three main attack strategies is deployed specific feature of interaction given;

C) Hemibiotrophy

i) where the plant cells remain alive throughout infection

ii) where the plant cells are killed in advance of infection

iii) extensive plant tissue damage at initial stages

iv) where the pathogen initially keeps cells alive but at later stages of the infection, kills them

Match the following

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 19080

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Which type of pathogens produces cell wall‐degrading enzymes tend to attack a broad range of plant species?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 19081

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Oomycetes (fungus‐like organisms), brown algae and mammalian parasites as Plasmodium falciparum and fungi can be__

a) Biotrophic plant pathogens

b) Necrotrophic plant pathogens

c) Hemibiotrophic plant pathogens

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 19082

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Some necrotrophs produce host‐selective toxins as toxin that are active in only a few plant species; produced by the fungal pathogen Cochliobolus carbonum of maize (Zea mays) inhibits Plant enzyme such as___

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 19083

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Alternaria produces a toxin, which activates a plant cell death program in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) leaves___

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 19084

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

ToxA is produced by__

a) Cochliobolus carbonum

b) Stagonospora nodorum

c) Pyrenophora tritici‐repentis

d) fungus Botrytis

Which combination is correct?