Arrange these events from earliest to most recent.

1.  emission of lava in what is now Siberia at time of Permian extinctions

2.  emission of lava that solidified at the same time as iron-bearing terrestrial rocks began to rust

3.  emission of lava that solidified at the same time as rusted iron precipitated from seawater

4.  emission of lava in what is now India at time of Cretaceous extinctions

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 14260

#SCPH05 I Biotechnology

C. roseus cells immobilized in Ca-alginate beads of diameter 0.5 mm are used for production of indole alkaloids (IA) in a fluidized-bed bioreactor. The rate limiting nutrient is glucose and no intraparticle diffusion limitations exist. Use the following data: Flow rate of the feed: Q = 1 l/h, Glucose in the feed: So = 30 g/l, Plant Cell Concentration: X = 6 g/l reac. The rate constant for IA formation: k = 5 d-1 (g/l)^-1 Ks = 0.4 g/l, Column diameter: Do = 0.15 m. Growth is negligible and Monod kinetics is valid. For 95% glucose conversion determine height of the column 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 14261

#SCPH05 I Biotechnology

C. roseus cells immobilized in Ca-alginate beads of diameter 0.5 mm are used for production of indole alkaloids (IA) in a fluidized-bed bioreactor. The rate limiting nutrient is glucose and no intraparticle diffusion limitations exist. Use the following data: Flow rate of the feed: Q = 1 l/h, Glucose in the feed: So = 30 g/l, Plant Cell Concentration: X = 6 g/l reac. The rate constant for IA formation: k = 5 d-1 (g/l)^-1 Ks = 0.4 g/l, Column diameter: Do = 0.15 m. Growth is negligible and Monod kinetics is valid. If Yp/s is 0.02 g IA/g glu, determine IA concentration in the effluent.

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TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 14262

#SCPH05 I Biotechnology

The BOD5 value of a waste-water feed stream to an activated-sludge unit is S0 = 300 mg/l, and the effluent is desired to be S = 30 mg/l. The feed flow rate is F = 2× 10^7 l/day. For the recycle ratio of α = 0.5 and a steady-state biomass concentration of X = 5 g/l, Use the following kinetic parameters:

 

calculate Required reactor volume (V). 

_______________10^6

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 14263

#SCPH05 I Biotechnology

The BOD5 value of a waste-water feed stream to an activated-sludge unit is S0 = 300 mg/l, and the effluent is desired to be S = 30 mg/l. The feed flow rate is F = 2× 10^7 l/day. For the recycle ratio of α = 0.5 and a steady-state biomass concentration of X = 5 g/l, Use the following kinetic parameters:

 

calculate Biomass concentration in recycle (Xr).

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 14264

#SCPH05 I Biotechnology

The BOD5 value of a waste-water feed stream to an activated-sludge unit is S0 = 300 mg/l, and the effluent is desired to be S = 30 mg/l. The feed flow rate is F = 2× 10^7 l/day. For the recycle ratio of α = 0.5 and a steady-state biomass concentration of X = 5 g/l, Use the following kinetic parameters:

 

calculate Hydraulic residence time

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TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 14265

#SCPH05 I Biotechnology

For the activated-sludge, the specific growth rate of cells is given by 

 

The following parameter values are known: F = 500 l/h, α = 0.4, ɣ = 0.1, Xe = 0, V = 1500 l, Ks = 10 mg/l, µm = 1 h-1 , kd = 0.05 h-1 , S0 = 1000 mg/l, Y M X/S = 0.5 g dw/g substrate. Calculate the substrate concentration (S) in the reactor at steady state. -------------------------