Very low levels of BMP specify the cells to become neural plate.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10275

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Three major distinct metabolic pathways that can supply osmotically active solutes to guard cells have been clearly characterized:

1.The uptake of K+ and Cl– from the apoplast, coupled to the biosynthesis of malate2– within the guard cells.

2. The production of sucrose in the guard cell cytoplasm from precursors originating from starch hydrolysis in the guard cell chloroplast

3. The production of sucrose from precursors made in the photosynthetic carbon fixation pathway at the guard cell chloroplast

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8055

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 6723

#Unit 8. Inheritance Biology

Transformation

Bacterial viruses (bacteriophages) carry DNA from one bacterium to another.

It takes place between same or closely related species.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3777

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

The diameter of the nucleus is in the range of 1.75 fm (1.75 × 10⁻¹⁵m) for hydrogen.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9916

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Viral Infections

Virus enters a cell via a cell-surface receptor for which it has affinity and preempts cell biosynthetic machinery to replicate all components of itself, including its genome.

This genome replication step is often error prone, generating numerous mutations.