Cancer cells 

acquire a drive to proliferate 

does not require an external inducing signal

fail to sense signals that restrict cell division

survive when they should die

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10448

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Avian leukosis virus (ALV), 

Retroviral DNA is inserted near the MYC gene. overproduction of MYC causes abnormally rapid proliferation of cells.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10449

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Human papillomavirus encodes two oncogenic proteins: E6 -inhibits p53

E7- inhibits RB

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10450

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Chromosomal translocation 

That fuses two genes together to produce a hybrid gene encoding a chimeric protein whose activity is constitutive

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10451

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Chromosomal translocation 

That brings a growth regulatory gene under the control of alternative enhancers that cause inappropriate expression of the gene

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10452

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Philadelphia chromosome generated by a translocation

between chromosomes 22 and 9

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10453

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Translocation between chromosomes 22 and 9 form new oncogenic fusion protein - BCR-ABL hybrid protein kinase