Sporadic retinoblastoma, inherit two normal RB alleles, each of which has undergone a LOF somatic mutation in a single retinal cell

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4233

#Unit 12. Applied Biology

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4237

#Unit 12. Applied Biology

Hayflick limit of animal cell culture

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4240

#Unit 12. Applied Biology

Most cells are anchorage dependent and must be cultured while attached to a solid or semi-solid substrate (adherent or monolayer culture), while others can be grown floating in the culture medium (suspension culture). 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4243

#Unit 12. Applied Biology

For optimal cell growth, a constant temperature of 370C and 5–10% CO2 is required for incubators to maintained physiological pH (usually pH 7.2–7.4). 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4244

#Unit 12. Applied Biology

The culture medium provides the necessary nutrients, growth factors, and hormones for cell growth, as well as regulating the pH and the osmotic pressure of the culture.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4246

#Unit 12. Applied Biology

Serum in culture media regulates cell membrane permeability and serves as a carrier for lipids, enzymes, micronutrients, and trace elements into the cell.