Removal of a cell from its substratum disrupts integrin signaling, leading to release of the BH3-only Bim

protein from the cytoskeleton which binds to Bak and Bax to promote pore formation.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3188

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

A single D loop is found as an opening of 500 to 600 bases in mammalian mitochondria.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3189

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Some mitochondrial DNAs possess several D loops, reflecting the use of multiple origins. The same mechanism is employed in chloroplast DNA, where (in complex plants) there are two D loops.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3190

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

To replicate mammalian mitochondrial DNA, the short strand in the D loop is extended. The displaced region of the original L strand becomes longer, expanding the D loop

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3191

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

In mtDNA, The existence of D loops exposes a general principle: An origin can be a sequence of DNA that serves to initiate DNA synthesis using om strand as a Template.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3192

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

In the case of mitochondrial DNA replication, the origins for replicating the complementary strands lie at different locations

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3193

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Origins that sponsor replication of only one strand are also found in the rolling circle mode of replication.