In a microtubule,

The end with exposed β-subunits is the (+) end

The end with exposed α-subunits is the (−) end

 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1897

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Three signals are required for activation of a naïve T cell

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2331

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Unlike the other elements within the promoter, the UP-element is not recognized by s but is recognized by a carboxy-terminal domain of the subunit, called the aCTD .

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1770

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

CD28 on the T cell and CD80/86 (B7) on the APC provided the costimulatory signal required for T-cell activation.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7495

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

This recombinational event is catalyzed by a set of enzymes, many of which are also involved in nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) DNA repair functions that occur in all cells.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9508

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Fusicoccum amygdali produces the toxin fusicoccin, which targets the plasma membrane H+‐ATPase in many plant species