Kinases CK1 and GSK3,

sequentially phosphorylate β-catenin at multiple serine and threonine residues.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 6510

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Tyrosine is transported into catecholamine-secreting neurons via a Na+ - dependent carrier

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 6511

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Rate-limiting step in synthesis of catecholamines:  Tyrosine is converted to dihydroxy-phenylalanine (DOPA) by tyrosine hydroxylase

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 6512

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

DOPA is converted to dopamine in the cytoplasm of the cells by DOPA decarboxylase (amino acid decarboxylase)

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 6513

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

DOPA is converted to dopamine in the cytoplasm of the cells by DOPA decarboxylase (amino acid decarboxylase)

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 6514

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Dopamine is converted to norepinephrine by dopamine β -hydroxylase

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#Id: 6515

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Norepinephrine is the only small-molecule transmitter that is synthesized in synaptic vesicles