Transduction takes place when bacterial viruses (bacteriophages) carry DNA from one bacterium to another.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10551

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

The activation of RIPK1 kinase is a key decisive event that can initiate cell death by either apoptosis or necroptosis.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10552

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Activated RIPK1 can bind to FADD, which serves as an adapter to recruit and activate caspase-8

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10553

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10554

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

FADD can also be directly activated by binding to TRADD in RIPK1-independent apoptosis activation.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10555

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Caspase-8 cleaves and activates several effector caspases, caspase-3, 6, 7 to complete apoptotic cell death.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10556

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Intrinsic apoptosis pathway

Caspase-8 cleaves the BH3-interacting-domain death agonist (Bid), resulting tBid fragment