Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON)- People who have this disorder experience rapid loss of vision in both eyes, which results from the death of cells in the optic nerve.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4868

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

The level of significance is denoted by the Greek symbol α (alpha).

Therefore, the level of significance is defined as follows: 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4870

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

To measure the level of statistical significance of the result, the investigator first needs to calculate the p-value. It defines the probability of identifying an effect which provides that the null hypothesis is true.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4871

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

When the p-value is less than the level of significance (α), the null hypothesis is rejected. If the p-value so observed is not less than the significance level α, then theoretically null hypothesis is accepted.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4873

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

But practically, we often increase the size of the sample size and check if we reach the significance level. The general interpretation of the p-value based upon the level of significance of 10%:

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4874

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

If p > 0.1, then there will be no assumption for the null hypothesis.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4876

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

If p > 0.05 and p ≤ 0.1, it means that there will be a low assumption for the null hypothesis.