When a nonfunctioning duplicate is fixed in the population, or a functioning gene becomes nonfunctional, the result is a genetic skeleton called a pseudogene.

Deletions are important in shaping the genome.

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#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

LRR motif also found in the extracellular domain of several P/MAMP

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#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

R gene products are also called as NBS–LRR

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#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

According to the guard hypothesis, R gene products “guard” cellular proteins, which are called guardees or decoys

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#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Guard hypothesis says that the Interaction between the guardees and the pathogen effectors is required for successful infection by the pathogen.

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The NBS–LRR receptor remains inactive when bound to the guardee. However, when the effector interacts with the guardee, the NBS– LRR receptor becomes activated, triggering a signaling cascade that leads to the defense response.

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R gene Mi-1 confers resistance to aphids and whiteflies

Rice R gene Bph14 confers resistance to the brown plant hopper

Melon R gene Vat confers resistance to the cotton aphid. 

All of these R genes encode NBS–LRR receptors.