The Gre factors/TF11S enable the polymerase to cleave a few ribonucleotides from the 3' terminus of the RNA product, thereby allowing the catalytic site of RNA polymerase to be realigned with the 3' -OH.

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#Unit 8. Inheritance Biology

Environmental Sex Determination

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#Unit 8. Inheritance Biology

Sequential hermaphroditism Phenomenon in which the sex of an individual organism changes in the course of its lifetime.

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Many turtles, crocodiles, alligators, and a few birds is affected by temperature during embryonic development.  In turtles, for example, warm incubation temperatures produce more females, whereas cool temperatures produce males.

In alligators, the reverse is true.

 

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Sex Determination in Drosophila melanogaster Y-linked characteristic  Characteristic determined by a gene or genes on the Y chromosome.

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Haplodiploid sex determination

In hymenoptera insects, males are haploid, and females are diploid.  All fertilized eggs give rise to female and unfertilized eggs give rise to males.

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ANDROGEN-INSENSITIVITY SYNDROME

These individuals have female external sexual characteristics. Vagina ends blindly and that the uterus, oviducts, and ovaries are absent.

 Inside the abdominal cavity, a pair of testes produce levels of testosterone normally seen in males. 

Woman with androgen-insensitivity syndrome contain an X and a Y chromosome. 

Testosterone bind to an androgen receptor. This receptor is defective in females with androgen-insensitivity syndrome.

The gene for the androgen receptor is located on the X chromosome