Theory of recapitulation - Ernst Haeckel
He proposed that the embryonic development of an individual organism (its ontogeny) followed the same path as the evolutionary history of its species (its phylogeny).

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 5574

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

There are four isoforms of the transport protein:  UT-A in the kidneys (UT-A1 to UT-A4) UT-B in the erythrocytes & descending limbs of the vasa recta 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 5575

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Urea transporters UT-A1 and UT-A3 facilitate diffusion of urea out of the medullary collecting ducts while UT-A2 facilitates urea diffusion into the thin descending loop of Henle.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 5576

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

The vasa recta do not create the medullary hyperosmolarity,but they do prevent it from being dissipated

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 5577

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Countercurrent exchange is a passive process; it depends

on movement of water and could not maintain the osmotic gradient along the pyramids if the process of counter-current multiplication in the loops of Henle were to cease.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1195

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Female hormonal system, consists of three hierarchies of hormones:

1. GnRH

2. FSH and LH

3. Estrogen and progesterone

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1196

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

FSH and LH stimulate sex hormone synthesis by the activation of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate second messenger system.