Each c subunit has a critical Asp (or Glu) residue about midway across the membrane, which can donate or accept a proton.

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#Id: 8890

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Mitotic spindle attach to chromosomes via specialized protein structures known as kinetochores

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#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Kinetochores assemble on regions of chromosomal DNA marked by a centromere-specific H3 histone variant called CENP-A.

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#Id: 8892

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Amphitelic attachment, 

sister kinetochores attach to microtubules emanating from opposite spindle poles, they are stably attached

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#Id: 8893

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Merotelic attachment 

A kinetochore can attach to microtubules emanating from both poles at the same time

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#Id: 8894

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Syntelic attachment 

Both kinetochores of a sister chromatid pair can attach to microtubules from the same pole

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#Id: 8895

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Monotelic attachment 

only one kinetochore can attach to microtubules