The Class I enzymes share two homologous polypeptide segments that are components of a dinucleotide-binding fold (Rossmann fold, which is also present in many NAD+- and ATP-binding proteins.

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#Id: 3356

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

the energy of substrate oxidation (succinate yields fumarate) drives ATP synthesis in mitochondria, we would expect inhibitors of the passage of electrons to O2 (such as cyanide, carbon monoxide, and antimycin A) to block ATP synthesis.

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#Id: 3357

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Oligomycin and Venturicidin, toxic antibiotics that bind to the ATP synthase are potent inhibitors of both ATP synthesis and the transfer of electrons through the chain of carriers to O2.

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#Id: 3358

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Chemical uncouplers include 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) and carbonylcyanide-p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone (FCCP) . After entering the matrix in the protonated form, they can release a proton, thus dissipating the proton gradient.

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#Id: 3360

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

The number of protons that must be transferred to produce one complete rotation of the c ring is equal to the number of c subunits in the ring.

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#Id: 3362

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

The rate of rotation in intact mitochondria has been estimated at about 6,000 rpm—100 rotations per second

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#Id: 7257

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant