Individual nucleosomes can be obtained by treating chromatin with the endonuclease micrococcal nuclease (MNase), which cuts the DNA between nucleosomes, a region known as linker DNA.

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#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

RNA Polymerase can also separated by using epitope tagging. Normally RPB3 is used to create epitope tag.

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#Unit 8. Inheritance Biology

Homoplasmy- All mutated mitochondria

Heteroplasmy- wild type + mutant mitochondria

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#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Two Mechanisms Down-Regulate Signaling from RTKs

1. Phosphotyrosine phosphatases

2. Receptor-mediated endocytosis followed by degradation in lysosomes

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#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

First zygotic genes is Gap genes. Mutations in them cause gaps in the segmentation pattern.

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#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Lariat formation is characterize by 2’-5’ phosphodiester bond Prp8, a large scaffold protein that directly contacts both the 5’ and 3’ splice sites within the spliceosome.