Scanning tunneling microscopy- uses thin metal (tungsten) probe that scans specimen revealing the bumps and depressions of the atoms on the surface of the specimen

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8789

#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

Interdependent communities Communities in which species depend on each other to exist.

Independent communities Communities in which species do not depend on each other to exist. 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8790

#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

Communities may be identified and recognized by several features that may be quantitative and qualitative.

Quantitative characters are those that can be measured, e.g., density, abundance, frequency, cover area and basal area of species present in a given area. 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8791

#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8792

#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8793

#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8794

#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

COMMUNITY ZONATION - One of the most noticeable features of communities is that the species composition of the community changes as one moves across the landscape. 

With the change in environmental conditions, some species become better able to survive and compete.